Cappadocia is a moonscape in central Anatolia where soft volcanic tuff has been carved by wind and water into fairy chimneys, ridged valleys and entire underground cities. For centuries early Christians, monks and traders sheltered inside its rock, painting frescoes onto cave-church walls in Göreme and tunneling refuge beneath Derinkuyu and Kaymaklı. Today the region is best known for the dawn ritual of hot-air balloons drifting over Uçhisar and the Red and Rose Valleys, but it is just as memorable on foot, on horseback, or from the rooftop of a cave hotel as the sun sets over Pigeon Valley.
